This secluded church, like many corners of the town, is closely linked to ancient legends in which history and fiction merge. As such, according to Úbeda popular wisdom, the founding of the Church of Santo Domingo dates back to the times of the Reconquest by King Ferdinand III of Castile. Apparently, Santo Domingo de Silos freed 150 Christians who were being held captive in the Muslim city of Córdoba. To recognise his work in pursuit of Christianity, the church was founded in his honour.

The external appearance of the Church of Santo Domingo demonstrates the various artistic currents that have converged in Úbeda, as its predominant Mudéjar Gothic style coexists with ancient Gothic and proto-Gothic vestiges on its walls and later additions, such as the tower or the Renaissance doorways.

The church functioned as a parish church for six hundred years. Then, in the first half of the 20th century, it came to be used as a warehouse to store thrones and as a studio for local sculptors. Later it became a carpentry workshop.

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